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Table 2 Association between a GRS or dietary patterns on metabolic syndrome over four visits in ARIC

From: Ancestry specific associations of a genetic risk score, dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal ARIC study

 

Risk ratio (95% confidence interval)

Whites

P value

African Americans

P value

(n = 8451)

(n = 2230)

Genetic risk score

  

GRS range/mean (SD)

44–84/61.4 (5.3)

 

32–63/ 46.5 (4.2)

 

GRS per 1 allele increase

1.02 (1.02–1.03)

 < 0.001

1.03 (1.02–1.04)

 < 0.001

GRS per 5 increment

1.12 (1.10–1.14)

 < 0.001

1.17 (1.13–1.21)

 < 0.001

GRS lower tertile

1.00 (ref)

 

1.00 (ref)

 

GRS second tertile

1.12 (1.07–1.17)

 < 0.001

1.23 (1.14–1.33)

 < 0.001

GRS highest tertile

1.28 (1.23–1.33)

 < 0.001

1.37 (1.27–1.48)

 < 0.001

Dietary pattern per 5 increment

    

No. per dietary pattern

    

Western

1.21 (1.12–1.31)

 < 0.001*

1.14 (0.97–1.33)

.102

Healthy

1.03 (0.95–1.11)

.453

1.20 (0.99–1.47)

.070

High-fat dairy

0.72 (0.66–0.79)

 < 0.001*

0.81 (0.69–0.96)

.013*

  1. Bold indicates p values that were significant at p < 0.05
  2. *Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing (p < 0.05/3 = 0.017)
  3. Dietary patterns were calculated using factor analysis with the principal components factor option and the varimax rotation with correlation ≥ 0.3
  4. MetS was regressed against the GRS adjusting for a covariate summary score composed of age, gender, sports physical activity (Baecke questionnaire), cigarette smoking status, drinker status, education level at visit 1, time in study, and 20 principle components for admixture
  5. Dietary patterns are from Additional file 1: Table S2
  6. Dietary pattern contents for Whites:
  7. Western: fried foods, red meat, chips and fries, chicken with skin, processed meat, eggs, and condiments
  8. Healthy: rice, pasta, vegetables, mashed potato, chicken without skin, lentils and beans
  9. High-fat dairy: butter, whole milk, eggs
  10. Dietary pattern contents for African Americans
  11. Western: Eggs, processed meat, biscuit and cornbread, whole wheat bread, fried foods, white bread, and margarine-butter
  12. Healthy: Chicken without skin, vegetables, lentils and beans, fruit, cooked breakfast cereal, fish, mashed potato, shellfish, and cold breakfast cereal
  13. High-fat dairy: Butter, margarine-butter, whole milk, and cottage cheese
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BMC Medical Genomics

ISSN: 1755-8794

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