Prognostic factors for the outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants

BMC Medical Genomics

Table 2 Prognostic factors for outcomes of COVID-19 patients

Variables	Hospitalized (N, %)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	Mortality (N, %)	p-value	OR (95% CI)
SARS-CoV-2 variant
Delta (N = 213)	111 (52.1)	0.396	1.2	19 (8.9)	0.565	1.26
Omicron (N = 139)	66 (47.5)		(0.78–1.84)	10 (7.2)		(0.57–2.80)
Age
18-<65 (N = 235)	109 (46.4)	Ref		14 (6)	Ref
≥ 65 (N = 36)	31 (86.1)	0.000*	7.16	11 (30.6)	0.000*	6.94
			(2.7–19.07)			(2.84–16.93)
< 18 (N = 81)	37 (45.7)		0.97	4 (4.9)	0.733	0.82
		0.257	(0.58–1.61)			(0.26–2.56)
Sex
Female (N = 188)	96 (51.1)	0.754	1.07	13 (6.9)	0.33	0.68
Male (N = 164)	81 (49.4)		(0.704–1.62)	16 (9.8)		(0.32–1.47)
Comorbidity
a. Obesity
Yes (N = 4)	4 (100)	0.123	-	2 (50)	0.035*	11.90
No (N = 348)	173 (49.9)			27 (7.8)		(1.61–87.76)
b. Diabetes
Yes (N = 29)	29 (100)	0.000*	-	13 (44.8)	0.000*	15.59
No (N = 323)	148 (45.8)			16 (5)		(6.41–37.8)
c. Hypertension
Yes (N = 35)	29 (80)	0.000*	4.51	11 (31.4)	0.000*	7.61
No (N = 317)	149 (47)		(1.91–10.62)	18 (5.7)		(3.22–17.95)
d. Cardiovascular disease
Yes (N = 23)	21 (91.3)	0.000*	11.64	7 (30.4)	0.001*	6.10
No (N = 329)	156 (47.4)		(2.68–50.46)	22 (6.7)		(2.27–16.39)
e. Chronic kidney disease
Yes (N = 7)	7 (100)	0.015*	-	1 (14.3)	0.45	1.88
No (N = 345)	170 (49.3)			28 (8.1)		(0.22–16.23)
Smoking
Yes (N = 17)	9 (52.9)	0.832	1.11	4 (23.5)	0.042*	3.82
No (N = 335)	168 (50.1)		(0.42–2.96)	25 (7.5)		(1.16–12.57)

*, significant (p < 0.05); CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; -, not applicable (OR is incalculable due to a divide-by-zero error)

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